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["简易皮囊加压呼吸操作评分标准（2014修改）"]
[]
[null,null,"考核要求","分值","扣分标准","扣分"]
["用物",null,"氧气、流量表、呼吸皮囊、氧气连接管、面罩",5,"少一件-1"]
["操作流程","无气管插管的病人","1.评估病人的需要：①无效或低效呼吸②呼吸暂停及心动过缓③发绀",6,"未评估一项-2"]
[null,null,"2.通知医生",5,"未通知-3"]
[null,null,"3.连接面罩、皮囊及氧气，调节流量使储氧袋充盈",10,"连接出错一处-2"]
[null,null,"4.清理呼吸道",5,"未清理-5"]
[null,null,"5.开放气道：①将病人仰卧，尽量将下颌上拉，使气管与口腔成一直线②用开口器将口打开，插入大小合适的导气管(视具体病情）③急救者位于病人头端，将患者头部尽量后仰，并拖住下颌将其向上，病人面向急救者",10,"未打开-5"]
[null,null,"6.将面罩罩住病人口鼻，并以手掌压住面罩以使其紧贴患者面部不漏气",10,"漏气-5"]
[null,null,"7.另外一只手用匀等压力挤压皮囊，待皮囊重新膨气后再行下一次挤压，频率视年龄而定（成人12-15次/分，儿童14-20次/分，婴儿35-40次/分；吸呼比1：1.5-2）",10,"手法不对-5未充盈-5"]
[null,null,"8.应尽量在病人吸气时挤压皮囊",10,"呼气压-5"]
[null,null,"9.效果观察及评估：胸腹运动幅度、皮肤颜色、听诊呼吸音、生命体征、SaO2",10,"少评一项-2"]
[null,null,"10.观察通气效果，并注意有无发生并发症，如有异常，及时处理",4,"未观察-2"]
[null,null,"11.记录抢救过程及评估患者的反应",5]
[null,null,"12.消毒处理：⑴拆卸各部件及其配件 ⑵消毒浸泡（1：500含氯消毒剂）30min ⑶彻底冲洗干净 ⑷晾干后组装 ⑸测试各个阀门的功能",10,"消毒不对-5"]
[null,"总分",null,100]
[null,"气管插管的病人","1.评估病人的需要：①吸痰、呼吸音粗糙、咳嗽、MAP增高②呼吸机故障③转运"]
[null,null,"2.连接皮囊及氧气，调节流量使储气囊充气"]
[null,null,"3.脱开呼吸机管道，连接皮囊与气管插管"]
[null,null,"4.用匀等的频率及压力挤压皮囊，待皮囊膨胀后再开始下一次挤压"]
[null,null,"5.尽量在病人吸气时挤压皮囊"]
[null,null,"6.观察病人胸腹运动、皮肤颜色、生命体征、听诊两肺呼吸音是否对称"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"考核者签名：",null,"考核时间：",null,"年",null,"月",null,"日"]

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